What does 'shareholder voting' refer to under the Revised Corporation Code?

The concept of 'shareholder voting' under the Revised Corporation Code specifically refers to the method by which shareholders participate in the decision-making process of a corporation. This process involves shareholders casting votes on important corporate matters such as the election of directors, approval of mergers and acquisitions, amendments to the articles of incorporation, and significant business decisions that can impact the company and its operations.

This is a fundamental aspect of corporate governance, as it empowers shareholders — the owners of the company — to have a say in how the corporation is run. The importance of shareholder voting lies in ensuring that management is held accountable and that the interests of the shareholders are represented in corporate policies and practices. This mechanism protects shareholders' rights and enables them to influence the strategic direction of the corporation.

In contrast, other choices do not reflect the essence of shareholder voting. For example, the idea of avoiding decisions does not align with the active role shareholders play; raising capital through shares pertains to financing, not voting, and mandatory dividends focus on profit distribution rather than governance participation. Thus, the correct choice reflects the active engagement of shareholders in the corporate governance process through voting.